Using Linux More Efficiently(For Beginners)
Once you’ve got the basics, using Linux efficiently is all about learning a few power moves that save time and effort. Here’s a set of practical, beginner-friendly tips to help you use Linux more smoothly and effectively:
1. Use Tab to Auto-Complete
Instead of typing full commands or file names:
cd Doc<TAB>
It auto-completes to Documents
(if that folder exists). Saves time and avoids typos!
2. Use the Up/Down Arrows to Reuse Commands
- Press ↑ to see your last commands.
- Press ↓ to move forward again. No need to retype long commands — just reuse and edit.
3. Learn the man
Command (Manuals)
Don’t know what a command does?
man ls
Shows the manual. Press q
to quit. You don’t need to memorize everything — just know where to find help.
4. Use history
to See Past Commands
history
Shows a numbered list of your past commands.
You can re-run any one with !number
, like:
!105
5. Use alias
for Shortcuts
Typing a long command often? Make it short:
alias ll='ls -lah'
Now typing ll
does a detailed list of files.
To make it permanent, add it to your ~/.bashrc
or ~/.zshrc
file.
6. Use Wildcards *
and ?
rm *.txt
Deletes all .txt
files.
ls file?.txt
Matches file1.txt
, file2.txt
, etc.
7. Use apt
smartly (on Debian/Ubuntu)
Install:
sudo apt install program-name
Search for something:
apt search image
Get info about a package:
apt show curl
8. Learn to Pipe (|
) and Redirect (>
)
Redirect output to a file:
ls > files.txt
Append to a file:
echo "New line" >> notes.txt
Pipe output into another command:
ls -l | grep ".txt"
Only show .txt
files.
9. Try a More Powerful Shell (zsh
+ Oh My Zsh)
Replace bash
with zsh
+ Oh My Zsh for:
- Better autocompletion
- Git integration
- Prettier terminal
10. Use curl
or wget
to Download from the Web
curl -O https://example.com/file.zip
or
wget https://example.com/file.zip
11. Understand sudo
and Root Access
If you’re doing something system-level (like installing software), you need admin permission:
sudo do-something-important
Never use sudo
unless you’re sure. It gives you superpowers — and super ways to mess things up
12. Keep Things Clean
- Use
df -h
to check disk space. - Use
du -sh *
to see which folders are large. - Clean up unused packages:
sudo apt autoremove